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**Objectives:**
1. Investigating about wind power. 2.Show a comparison between Eolic energy and Solar energy showing advantages and disadvantages 2. Use different methods of investigating: videos, photos, interviews, interacting with the tour guides and the teachers who know about the subject. 3. Investigating physics and biology, finding the impact of Eolic energy and Solar energy to the Guajira environment. 4. Applying the concept of sustainable development 5. Answer the question: How are humans making an impact upon their environment? What are their causes and effects? 6.Relate the topic with Anthropology, Humanities, Physics and Biology subjects

**Introduction**
In our trip to Guajira, we had the opportunity to visit many places, including the wind powered energy park, in which we were able to observe and learn how energy is created with the use of wind. We were interested in the matter, because its a natural method that doesn't contaminate the environment and its natural source (wind) doesn`t come to an end. A fact that drew our attention was that the electricity which is produced is totally clean because its generated without any combustion gases, not involving any kind of pollution or causing greenhouse effect. A wind turbine produces about the same energy that three tons and half a ton of coal or oil but doesn't burn those quantities of petroleum and coil evading the emission into the atmosphere of 4,109 kilos of carbon dioxide, 66 kilos of sulfur dioxide and acid 10 kilos of nitrogen per year, the main greenhouse gases responsible for infectious and acid rain so each turbine produces in a year the same beneficial effect on the atmosphere than 200 adult trees. Colombia has installed in this 2 recent years, large wind farms in the department of La Guajira: the wind farm Jepirachi located in Alta Guajira, with 15 wind turbines inagurated in 2003, and the Wayuu wind farm located in Cabo de la vela and Bolivar port with a capacity of 20 megawatts.These 2 places place Colombia on a second place in Latin America, in terms of electricity. This topic is very important and gives international prestige to our country.

Wind energy in Colombia: La Guajira wind potential is 18 GW By José Santamarta september 07, 2010 Colombia has only a wind power generating capacity of 20 MW un a wind farm of the company Jepirachi EPM.  ** The Colombian region of La Guajira has the potential for wind power generation of 18 GW, according to a World Bank report. "The one region of South America with winds of similar intensity is the Patagonia of Chile and Argentina," the report adds. **


 * Colombia has only a wind turbines generating capacity of 20 MW in a wind farm of the company Jepirachi EPM. **


 * Isagen company will build another wind farm in La Guajira. Wind energy, however, still can not compete with the country's hydroelectric generation (80%) or with thermal capacity backup, including the financing of carbon credits. **


 * According to the report, the wind regime in Colombia has been ranked among the best in South America. Coastal regions of the northern part of the country have been classified as class seven winds (winds over nine meters per second (m / s) at a height of 50 meters). **


 * But Colombia only has an installed capacity of 19.5 MW of wind energy (Jepirachi wind farm with 15 wind turbines inaugurated in 2003 and built with World Bank support), with some other wind farms projects under consideration, including a wind farm Ipapure 200 MW. **


 * "The CO2 revenue bonds do not change its place in the list of expansion of capacity at minimum cost," says the report. "Even with a $ 50 price of the bonds of CO2, wind power is still not the least cost option." **


 * The reduction in investment costs of wind power projects could change this scenario in the short term, the bank said. "The wind energy generation seems to be available when its contribution to the national grid is most needed, ie during periods of drought and, to some extent, in the early hours of the night, when demand reaches its highest level." **


 * While the Bank report concluded that under the wind conditions is not an option technological competitive in Colombia, says the government also has a wide range of policies to promote renewable energy technologies. In particular, to promote wind resources, the government should strengthen the evaluation data from the wind as a public service, improve access to research and technology developments and upgrade access to the network of wind energy. **

** @http://www.geni.org/globalenergy/library/national_energy_grid/colombia/EnergyOverviewofColombia.shtml **

**Please go to the page bar at the right side of this wiki to see the other parts of the project.**
Wind energy power is the energy from the movement of the wind across the earth. This energy is a result of the heating of oceans, earth and atmosphere of the sun. * How do we turn wind into energy? Blowing wind spins the blades on a wind turbine,the blades of the turbine are attached to a hub that is placed on a turning shaft. The shaft goes through a gear transmission box where the turning speed is increased. The transmission is attached to a high speed shaft which turns a generator that makes electricity. If the wind gets too high, the turbine has a brake that will keep the blades from turning too fast and being damaged. There is still the problem of what to do when the wind isn’t blowing. At those times, other types of power plants must be used to make electricity.In order for a wind turbine to work efficiently, wind speeds usually must be above 12 to 14 miles per hour. Wind has to be this speed to turn the turbines fast enough to generate electricity.
 * WHAT IS WIND ENERGY POWER?**

media type="youtube" key="dEsAlG4d86o" height="315" width="420"media type="youtube" key="DHuJFlw9IHo" height="315" width="420" 5/june/2012 4: 23 pm media type="youtube" key="rFrzRDAOPq0" height="315" width="420" [] []4/jun/2012 6:12 pm  http://youtu.be/rFrzRDAOPq0 05/06/12 9:34 pm

Two different videos explaining with detail the wind powered energy, one in english and one in spanish.


 * ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS**

=Advantages:= -Wind energy offers a viable, economical alternative to conventional power plants in many areas of the country.AGES -Wind is a clean fuel -Wind farms produce no air or water pollution because no fuel is burned - It help to stop the use of contaminants such as>carbon, oil and gas -This energy is constantly evolving offering opportunities to improve the quality of energy and being cheaper than other types of energy - Reduces the environment impact - This energy is not storable and it depends on where its located, its performance varies, so we cannot trust 100 per cent in wind energy system

**Disadvantages:**
-The most serious environmental consequences may be their negative effect on wild bird populations (killinf of birds by the accidents through the blades of the wind turbines) and the visual impact on the landscape

The location of our country is an important factor because it gives an strategic point for project developments which have to do with the ergy produced by the wind.That why the colombian government is focused in the efforts and resources to have a satisfactory research, development and innovation in this energy type system. In the Guajira region, there are plans to generate social projects such as: "The support programme for social development in La Guajira", which is led by the vice presidency which its principal objective is to identify social development projects that help to improve life quality of the Wayuu people. Under the principles of human and sustainable development, this project is focused in the consolidation of 18 projects focused on health, education, water and alternative energy uses.
 * SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT**


 * ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF SOLAR ENERGY AND WIND POWER ENERGY**

- the production of solar energy produces no air or water pollution -It never ends || - Only areas of the world with lots of sunlight are effective for solar power generation - Human can't control it, very unpredictable ||
 * __Solar energy__**
 * Advantages || Disadvantages ||
 * - The power source of energy is absolutely free
 * __Wind Power Energy__**

-Wind is a clean fuel -Wind farms produce no air or water pollution because no fuel is burned - It help to stop the use of contaminants such as>carbon, oil and gas -This energy is constantly evolving offering opportunities to improve the quality of energy and being cheaper than other types of energy - Reduces the environment impact - This energy is not storable and it depends on where its located, its performance varies, so we cannot trust 100 per cent in wind energy system || -The most serious environmental consequences may be their negative effect on wild bird populations (killinf of birds by the accidents through the blades of the wind turbines) and the visual impact on the landscape || T__**YPES OF WIND TURBINES**__ - horizontal axis: In Guajira we observed that the wind power turbines are characterized by having a horizontal axis - Vertical axis:
 * Advantages || Disadvantages ||
 * -Wind energy offers a viable, economical alternative to conventional power plants in many areas of the country.

= =

=Social Impact of Wind Power Energy in la Guajira:= The wind turbines that produce thermal and electrical energy in the Eolic park in the Alta Guajira are the basis of a project of Rural development for 5.000 wayuu families, this proyect two private companies comverge a receipt (wayuu jurisdiction ) and the municipalities of Uribia and Manaure. they formed the utility company that provides the public services for the Wayuu community (ESP)

The Wayuu are an Amerindian ethnic group of the Guajira peninsula in northern Colombia and northwest Venezuela. They characterize by the organization of their society which is devided in clans some of them are the following: Aapushana, Epieyu, Iguana, Jayaliyuu, Jusayuu. And that the descent recording is through the maternal line. Their principal economic activities are the trade, fisheries and the goat livestock.

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Yl01C6SuS1o/Tc2u0yso85I/AAAAAAAAABI/RwVgrK1rt3E/s1600/wayuu-el-presente.jpg Wayuu indigenous girls in an hammock were they sleep http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_RMqp14fKGiU/SwWACM2XdpI/AAAAAAAAAdg/2uJCr4pAW7c/s1600/DDLR2010+(119).JPG Wayuu indigenous people in special costume for a presentation with their traditional backpacks embroidered by them

Social Wayuu Problems and the solutions using Eolic Energy
Of the total number of citizens in La Guajira 64 percent have the basic necessities unsatisfied, the Uribia municiple according to the national Misery study carried out by National Official Colombian planning Department has the worst state with 95 percent of its population with no basic neccesities satisfied. The Eolic Wayuu park is constructed in an intermediate zone between Cabo de la Vela and Puerto Bolivar where the northeast trade winds have a mayor force, in this park there are aproximately 15-30 torres of wind turbine 60 m high with blades of 30 m long. It generates 20 megavities of energy, the maximun allowed by the Colombian lejislation, allowng this park to enter to the regulated national market of energy in Colombia which attends the interconnected system of this country.

The Wayuu eolic park is going to reinvest 50% of its utilities in the installation of the infrastructure for the basic services of energy, drinking water, sewer, and telephone service for the rural development in the region this is the main reason why this project accepted the economic resources of the programs of //Economic Cooperation and Transactions of Exportation// used for the Economic development in Holland. This economic help program provide the 30% of the total cost of the project, this is an example of the International cooperation that Colombia ans specifically Guajira department receives to solve a mayor social problem. Jorge Ibarra Wayuu resguard representative declared that with the economic and social help of the government since the year 2000 when they became part of the Society that provides public services "now there are expectations of a better life in the Wayuu Rancherias in La Alta Guajira"

The indiginous Wayuu guard covers 90% of the rural part of the Manaure Municiple in which 35.000 people live in 800 "Rancherias" which are groups of 5 to 10 housing in the middle of the desert. The representative of the wayuu guarded territory expresed his hope that the arrival of energy to the rancherias allows the Wayuu families refrigerate and preserve, improve their diet and establish companies for the fish trade and agricultural products that could be obtained if their is a risk for the Guajira land. The people that live in Manaure and Uribia urban areas get the water supply from desalination companies and the people that live in the Rancherias recollect the water in wells provided by the windmills, also the jaquelles were the low rain fall origin water is recollected. La Guajira department in Colombia is a territory which the rain season is only in October and Novemeber, in May and Agoust it dosent rain a lot, the rest of the year it dosent rain at all, leaving the Ranchwerias with no water to store affecting the life quality of its habitants.

Fernando Gutierrez representative form the company Acuire that designed the project said in 2003 that this form of generating energy is a way to overcome the principal problem that the public service companies have to deal with in the remote regions caused besides the economical reasons by no consulting to the communities of the region their necessities and not inverting in the local development.

We had the opportunity to interact with the Wayuu individuals, and it is interesting to know that Guajira was an opportunity to work through anthropology methods, we can evidence this actions through:

__**ANTHROPOLOGY AS A KNOWLEDGE AREA FOR OUR GROUP 4 PROJECT (ANTHROPOLOGIC METHODS AND APPLICATIONS)**__

- **making interviews** to the wayuu people: We made an interview to a individual from the Wayuu community. We started from the informal interview through an individual and in a deep way. Each type of interview was inserted to frame of observation in the Guajira field. Anthropologists define the interview as the conversation with the individuals in the society which is the culture we study. Where a human encounter is founded. Some of the errors we observed by doing this method, is that when we were doing a lot of questions, a type of private topics were showed by the Wayuu in their physical expressions(the way they responded, their facials expressions, the way they moved). In this process, is when we realized that they are not the ones who have to give the answer we want to hear. We need to be open minded to different point of views, including their specific and different reactions. We as students need to understand and to comprehend them.


 * - Observation and participant observation:** Not all students, record their data through interviews.Many students have materials which included papers, notebooks in which they could write anything they wanted. Many etnographers in anthropology record trivial imppressions in a journal, which include formal field notes. This helps to point out some of the basic aspects of cultural diversity. These aspects included: distinctive smells, noise and other symbols of the cultural red. Bronislaw Malinowski called "the characteristics of native life and their typical behavior.
 * Bronislaw Malinowski**

__**N**__**atalia Garces and Juliana Machado, interviewing and talking with some Wayuu girls**

__**Bibliography:**__
 * http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antropolog%C3%ADa
 * http://antropologiaoptativa.blogspot.com/
 * http://www.proyectosalonhogar.com/Enciclopedia/NE_antropologia.htm

__**PHYSICAL APPLICATIONS IN THE WIND TURBINES OF WIND POWER ENERGY**__ Then= **Ekin, wind=1/2 pV^2**
 * For all wind turbines, wind is proportional to wind speed cubed. Wind energy is the kinetic energy of the moving air. The kinetic energy of a mass **m** with the velocity **v i**s:
 * Ekin= 1/2 mv^2**
 * The air mass **m** can be determined from the air density **p a**nd the air volume **V** according to
 * m= pV**

The wind power increases with the cube of the wind speed. In other words, doubling the wind speed gives eight times the wind power. Therefore, it is important a very windy location for the wind turbine.



The experience of having a trip to the Guajira was really a very important thing to us. First of all, becuase we had the opportunity to know more things about our country, Colombia, specially the Northern part of it, wich none of us has visited before. At the begining, getting used to the heat was really difficult, since the Guajira is an arid dessert, not only the hottest place in Colombia but is one of the poorest places in the country. We can now know, how important the water is, to these people. In Cali, our natal city, barely the water is conserved or being considered as something important, since water is always avaliable for everyone at any time, where ever we want, so its value has decreased. In the Guajira, we didnt have the opportunity to take a "good bath" since there was few water and we coudnt wasted it, we needed to think about others, the water is something that must be shared. Water is a very excellent vital resource, this could help us to understand that not anyone has the same luck or way of living. By watching Guajira people, we can determine, that they are really poor, the houses are barely clean plus all the heat and the dessert place, it all give a very tired environment to live in. It was fun knowing about the Wayuu culture,which is composed by clans of indigenous living in the northern part of Colombia. Its really sort of amazing how these indigenous still keep these culture through times and centuries. Pretty curious about their way of clothing and religion, and we learned that they adore nature, and prefer spiritually/natural things than material things (They adore the sun, the rain, moon etc). Values are really important to them, they ndonta dmire the people according to its physically, for them, the beauty is on the inside, the values that person has, thats why they teach to their children when they are little to learn thes etype of things, practically in the arijona life (white people) values importancy is decreasing, while in here not. Finally we have driven to many places, and one of them ws meeting the wind pwered energy park and learn how does it work anbd its importancy n its locayion, watching these turbines or windmills was an unique experinece, that probaly there should people that cold never see a method of renewable energy that close, as we see it. There were lots oif iwndmills in files working and spinning together at the same time, its breeze was relaxing and freshing though. A adorable day was sharing with some kids in a Guajira school which were poor people, but we maked sure that they had a great time, with the presents we gave them (notebook, pencil case, book to colour) and dynamic games which everyone could participate. We now have another Ib school in the Guajia which is the Colegio Albania,
 * Reflection of the Trip:**

**Conclusion:**
Wind Power energy is one of the forms of creating energy which has a minimun effect on the environment. This is because wind is a clean fuel, it doesn't produce air or water pollution because it doesn't burn any fuel to work, helps to stop contaminants such as carbon, oil and gas, is cheaper than the other ways of creating energy like solar energy.So, in effect, wind power is important to many people for the fact that it can save money, an doesn't contribute to global warming, Perhaps the greatest benefit that wind power can provide for people is that wind wont cost more based on supply and demand, as is the case of the ways of extracting oil or coal energies. Solar Energy is also used in La Guajira Peninsula, is created when energy from the sun is collected with solar panels, which are often put on the roofs of buildings. Solar energy is the sun's rays that reach the earth being converted to energy through different processes. This energy can be converted to thermal energy, along with electricity by two ways: photovoltiac (solar cells) and solar power plants. Solar energy is totally cheap, you just need to pay for the initial installation of equipment.

There are many useful sources of energy, however it is necessary for the country to choose the source that causes less damage to the environment in an attempt to conserve nature somehow. The great disadvantage in solar energy and wind energy is that they depend on the weather, therefore they depend on the amount of sun that either produces wind for wind tubines to work or gives its sun rays for the solar panels to produce energy. If at any moment this natural source begins to flaw for another reason of nature, the energy produced by these generators will go missing, therefore the population that they cover will have to retrieve their energy probably from a water powered generator, because 68% of Colombia´s energy is produced by these types of generators. Having this in mind, it is possible to realize that although these clean energies do not contaminate and are good for the environment, they cannot become the main source of energy production in the country in the future, because in case the weather does not allow energy to be produced, the entire country would shut down their energy which is terrible for the ecconomy of the country because almost all companies and houses need energy for survival.

Seeing the impact of eoilc energy in La Alta Guajira we conclude that Eolic energy is the best energy source due to different factors: can be used for many purposes such as heating homes, lighting bulbs and making cars and airplanes work, we are never going to run out of this energy resource even for many or thousands of years. Is a very economic energy, it eliminates the cost of drilling and is a free source of power that renews itself every day. Also the location of Guajira is known as an arid dessert, which rarely rains very much per year, is the hottest part of the country, and is near the sea were the wind blows more. It doesn't emit pollution, keeping the atmosphere healthy, making people a healthy life and reduces climate change also. The National government in La Alta Guajira Peninsula has created a social rural development project which can afford 5.000 families their basic services, this has been chose because it is the cheapest and more efficient energy source in this territory. For developing the wind turbines needed in Colombia more jobs will be provided in engineering and science and for creating diverse methods of using the energy.

Bibliography: http://www.eia.doe.gov/kids/energyfacts/sources/renewable/wind.html- 30 May 2012- 11: 13 am @http://www.tierramerica.net/2003/1202/noticias1.shtml - 30 May 2012- 11:20 am []- 30 May 2012- 12:00 am @http://www.ehow.com/about_5046220_wind-better-solar-energy.html  04/06/12 3:20 pm @http://solarelectricityhandbook.com/Solar-Articles/wind-turbines.html <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> 04/06/12 4:10 pm  <span style="color: #003399; font-family: 'Museo Slab 500',serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.ehow.com/about_5043044_solar-energy-good.html#ixzz1wvmqROGG <span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: 'Segoe UI',sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> 05/06/12 1:20 pm  <span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: 'Segoe UI',sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: #003399; font-family: 'Museo Slab 500',serif;">http://www.ehow.com/about_5043044_solar-energy-good.html#ixzz1wvmYPosi 05/06/12 1:23 pm <span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: 'Segoe UI',sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: #003399; font-family: 'Museo Slab 500',serif;">http://www.ehow.com/about_5043044_solar-energy-good.html#ixzz1wvlzCTI8 05/06/12 1:40 pm <span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: 'Segoe UI',sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Video #1=http://youtu.be/Hgl_2p4zsqY 05/06/12 9:34 pm <span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: 'Segoe UI',sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Video #2= http://youtu.be/rFrzRDAOPq0 05/06/12 9:34 pm  **<span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">LINK OF OUR TOK VIDEOS: ** http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-bgyeFSECpg&feature=youtu.be- Natalia Garces Juliana Machado

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